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Suicide Awareness and Prevention
Jennifer Shibley, Psy.D., M.S., Licensed Clinical Psychologist

Suicide is a serious and complex public health problem. It occurs worldwide, cuts across all demographics and accounts for approximately half of deaths due to violence. The World Health Organization reported a 60 percent global increase in the last 45 years. In the United States, a person dies by suicide approximately once every 18 minutes. Among young people ages 15-24, suicide is the third leading cause of death. Beyond the astounding statistics are real people whose lives have ended prematurely due to intolerable pain, which may have psychological, social and/or biological underpinnings.

The suffering that leads to suicide is immense, profound and deeply personal. Every case of a completed suicide involves a human story. People who endure long-standing battles with mental illness and/or chronic pain may experience cumulative forms of stress, disappointment and themes of loss (e.g., health, relationships, mobility, social support, jobs). Feelings of deep sadness, hopelessness, helplessness, isolation, shame, rejection, feeling like a burden and aspects associated with loss may contribute to suicidal thoughts.

Many suicidal persons are unable to see any alternatives. Ambivalence of wanting to live and wanting to end intolerable pain is part of the challenge in dealing with cumulative disappointments in the suicidal person’s mind. When someone is feeling suicidal, it is crucial for him or her to have adequate support. It has been suggested that people who are feeling suicidal have a unique story to tell and that it is crucial for them to do this under the guidance of a qualified mental health professional. This dialogue may include trying to understand the meaning of his or her “mental pain” and frustrated, thwarted or blocked psychological needs. By allowing one to feel genuinely supported amidst painful feelings, we humanize the experience in order to build a bridge: a lifeline of connection.

People vulnerable to suicide tend to give warnings signs and/or communication about their suicidal thoughts; however, those closest to them may either be unaware of the significance of these warnings or do not know how to respond to them. Anyone who talks about killing him or herself, threatens suicide or attempts suicide needs to be taken seriously and may need immediate professional help. Do not hesitate to seek professional help on their behalf. Professional mental health care can ensure the safety of the person’s life in a time of crisis.

Some warning signs of suicide include:

• Observable signs of serious depression:

  • Hopelessness

  • Helplessness

  • Unrelenting low and/or sad mood

  • Social withdrawal

  • Sleep problems

• Increased alcohol and/or other drug use

• Recent impulsiveness and taking unnecessary risks

• Anxiety, agitation and inner tension

• Threatening suicide or expressing a strong wish to die

• Previous suicide attempt

• Making a plan:

  • Giving away prized possessions

  • Sudden or impulsive purchase of a firearm

  • Obtaining other means of killing oneself such as poisons or medications

• Unexpected rage or anger

Suicide is preventable. Depression and other mental health disorders are treatable. Trained mental health professionals may facilitate the process of suicide assessment, intervention and prevention, ultimately helping to save one’s life. Although it has historically been one of the most taboo topics to discuss, with the help of modern psychology, we are beginning to address this public health problem more openly and honestly.

As we strive to move our mental health system towards a strength-based approach inclusive of recovery and empowerment, suicide prevention efforts are a key goal as part of that larger public health vision. Re-installation of hope is an important aspect to move towards within a collaborative therapeutic relationship. Trained mental health professionals are available to intervene in crisis situations as well as to support the recovery efforts. Local and grassroots efforts to raise awareness and availability of resources, such as crisis lines, and access to quality mental health care, are crucial to ensure that people receive the help they need.

If you or someone you know may be at risk for suicide, please call a crisis line at 800-273-TALK (8255). If you or someone you know needs immediate help, call 911. For more information, you may contact Psychology Specialists at 309-706-3190.